Economics & restaurant price

The eating house embody and whole charge data tapes that follow found and equipment casualty dissimilarity establish theory has been utilise to the fifty drink-colored-colored products listed. The groups of booze-colored atomic number 18 divided into to groups. They atomic number 18 the red win group and the white fuddle group. The data shows that the restaurant owners bought the drinks from the whole sale submit. The restaurant owner thence adds a markup to cover for the price of lead a restaurant. The follow of running a restaurant includes the whole cost of the wine bought from the wholesale store and the cost serving the wine.Waiters, hard currencyiers and dishwashers are part of the wine serving process(Brown,16). The special restaurant wine includes the additional cleanup, the cost of storing the wine in the wine store room, the cost of managing and ensuring continuous stocks of the wines in the restaurant storeroom. The additional markup includes the c ost of paying a wine connoisseur. He is an expert in wine criticism and advices the phoner on which wine to buy, how long to store the wines in the store room, and also how to serve wine.The most important reason for introducing markups is to institutionalize the restaurant clients for staying long hours on their tables talking commerce, or seducing a sleep to lighther object. In addition, the data presented show that the restaurant determine is an amount that has a mark up of ninety nine per centum or more above the cost of buying the wines is definitely true. The restaurants add markups ground on the willingness of the customers to pay the additional harms. This market division does non care aboutwhat the impairment of wine because they know that they want to add the high priced wine to the food that they gobble up in the restaurants.This market segment withal prefer to buy the high priced wines just for the pride of showing to their nigh table clients and to the ir restaurant friends that they have lots and lots of money. This market segment is willing to pay more for a wine because they feel that these wines lofty and are of high quality than the new(prenominal) wine brands(Philips,18). The data showing the fifteen wines clearly indicates that the restaurant charges each client a high fee for the rare and higher quality ones. The data also shows that the restaurant owners charge clients higher if they feel that the clients put forward afford to pay higher for the wines.On the other hand, the restaurant is willing to charge a higher markup if they counter that the client is a little hard up on cash upon entering the restaurant. The deductions of the cost based and price divergence based backchat above are many. One implication is that the restaurant must interject the markups in order to stay in the business. A business would not survive if it does not make the bottom line. The bottom line is that the company must generate a net p rofit. A company that does not make a profit generates a loss. A company that generates a loss would not look good to the stakeholders of the company.The stakeholders of the company includes the stockholders, the employees, the customers, the suppliers, the community, the government modulate agencies, the labor unions, and even the board of directors if in that respect are any. another(prenominal)(prenominal) implication of the cost based and price discrimination based backchat above is that there are customers who do not mind the markups. Many of the customers can easily see that the higher amount they pay for the wines bought in restaurants is because they are will savor an hour or two of their romantic interludes and seduction in the restaurants.They will use the restaurant to sort of lay their tease down in the courtship game of life. This is the value that the restaurant clients get in exchange for willingly paying more for a bottle of wine. Another implication of the co st based and price discrimination based discussion above is that the restaurant prices of some wines are higher than the other wine choices. The $14. 25 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 96 percent of the cost. The $17. 00 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 182 percent of the cost. The $18. 00 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 133 percent of the cost.The $21. 60 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 99 percent of the cost. The $12. 50 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 180 percent of the cost. Another implication of the cost based and price discrimination based discussion above is that there are mickle who can afford the higher cost of wines. The $17. 00 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 182 percent of the cost. The $12. 50 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 180 percent of the cost. The $ 7. 50 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 220 percent of the cost. The $14.63 restaurant wine price i s priced at a markup of 180 percent of the cost. The $13. 50 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 196 percent of the cost. The $ 6. 75 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 255 percent of the cost. Another implication of the cost based and price discrimination based discussion above is that there different wine qualities. The $ 6. 75 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 255 percent of the cost. The $14. 25 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 96 percent of the cost. The $17. 58 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 133 percent of the cost.The $17. 00 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 182 percent of the cost. The $ 7. 50 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 220 percent of the cost. The $18. 00 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 133 percent of the cost. The $19. 20 restaurant wine price is priced at a markup of 119 percent of the cost. Another implication of the cost based and price discrimination based discussion above is that the business will survive. The different prices of the wines show that they are done to fit the budget of the clients. One wine is priced at $28 a bottle.Another wine is priced at Another wine is priced at $48. Another wine is priced at $78. Another wine is priced at $122. Another wine is priced at $32. Another wine is priced at $40. Another wine is priced at $24(Haslam,100). The above discussion shows that there many implications of variances in the restaurant prices when compared to the whole prices. Definitely, One implication is that the restaurant must introduce the markups in order to stay in the business. Clearly, another implication of the cost based and price discrimination based discussion above is that there are customers who do not mind the markups.Undoubtedly, another implication of the cost based and price discrimination based discussion above is that the restaurant prices of some wines are higher than the other wine choices. Surely, another i mplication of the cost based and price discrimination based discussion above is that there are people who can afford the higher cost of wines. Truly, another implication of the cost based and price discrimination based discussion above is that there different wine qualities. Unquestionably, another implication of the cost based and price discrimination based discussion above is that the business will survive.Conclusively, the restaurant pricing above is founded on the economic principles of preparation and demand(McConnell & Brue,52). REFERENCES Haslam, C. , Economics in a Business Context, Oxford, Taylor & Francis, 1989 McConnell, C. , Brue, S. , Economics Principles, Problems, and Policies, N. Y. , McGraw- Hill, 2005 Brown, D. , The Restaurant passenger cars Hnadbook How to Set Up, Operate, and Manage a Financially Succesful Food military service Operation. N. Y. , Atlantic Press, 2003 Philips, L. , The Economics of Price Discrimination four essays in applied price theory, Camb ridge, Cambridge University Press, 1983

How Far The Australia’s Legal, Political And Educational Structures Are Modeled On British Institutions Essay

Australia was colonized by British and was given(p) emancipation in 1901. The sise colonies which had been formerly inhabited by the British during colonization became the six states in the federal administration that Australia assumed. Most of the legal, political and education carcasss borrowed a take from British institutions, although Australia preferred to borrow the federal system from the States (State University, 2009). Some of the powers that had been held by the states were volunteered progressively and when the twentieth century came to close, the federal regimen was responsible in running Australia.How Far the Australias Legal, Political and educational Structures Are Modeled On British InstitutionThe major institutes in Australia much(prenominal) as bureaucracy, education and the language that is b all in allparkly used there gull a British line modeling. Some of The universities that were in Australia in the 1920s boasted of being as old as three- quarter cen tury. It was kind of evident that there was no one command economics until 1913. The prof who was teaching history or philosophy gave a single or double lecture on the theory of economics in a week. Due to the extensive work load, economics experienced a grass of negligence something that profoundly shocked the Ameri keisters (Heaton, 2008).Most universities in Australia had borrowed a crew of British ideas in their modeling and with special preference of Cambridge and Oxford which c at a timentrated in technical training, back in 1920s. Economic science had minimal teaching in Britain until recently and Australia gave little attention as it held the British system risquely. Mathematics, philosophy, classics and literature that were parking cumulati solo offered in close(prenominal) universities in Britain were accorded a dope of respect by the Australians who also offered them in their universities.thither was a lot of attention in offering of jurisprudence, medicine an d engineering which were traditional courses offered in universities of Britain. The state conventional more or less universities in Australia, and the largest proportion of tax revenue was bony from public coffers and this takes place up to date (Heaton, 2008).Most endowments that were private contri moreovered minimally to the development of universities in Australia unlike in America. These private endowments invested half the revenue that the government invested in public institutions. Money from the public was unconditionally granted by the government which do no attempt to seriously overlook policies and teaching. The universities were dependent on the state, similar to universities in Britain.The runner universities in Australia were established with the aim of meeting the standards that stressed their capability of meeting the values and norms of the models of British universities which were considered to be the most appropriate (University of Hesperian Australia, 200 3. These models that were adopted have made it impossible for newer universities to adopt any other system as a powerful effect has been exerted by the already existing universities.The government draws a lot of security from scientific interests than culture and education is seen more of an legal instrument than experience (State University 2009). The community also perceives the university to be a place where it is served with and through the training of lawyers, engineers, dentists, teachers and doctors and thus these traditional courses continue holding a lot of attention.Specialization is very common in most of the Australian universities and once a student goes to a specific department, they will be brutal on other departments. This has resulted to the graduates being more professionalized than educated. This phenomenon is common in most prestigious universities in Britain. America has the most diversified university programs and there is a call for conformity of Australian universities by the people.Australian law is comprised of the common law, (which derives its tail end from the common law of Britain), the personality and federal laws passed by parliament. The states at heart Australia exercise their own governing over the court systems and parliaments which are dumbfound in each. The systems of government and law that are currently existent in Australia have their legal dependence and validity on the British statutes (University of Western Australia, 2003) One such statute is the accomplishment of 1900 known as landed estate of Constitution of Australia. The characters of legal institutions and Austrian law traditions have a monoculture characteristic. This reflects an etymon which is English in nature. The Aborigines who were the natives of Australia were completely ignored by the British as they were too native and the Britons completely disregarded any laws that were in place, only instead subjected them to the England laws (Aroney 200 7, p. 8).Recently, Howard made the same maneuver in 2007, by initiating an intervention of communities of the Aborigines who live in the territory that lies in the North of Australia. The forces of the military were mobilized and the government granted them power to directly exercise control over the communities which were targeted. This was to remainder for five years and this move is no different from what the British did when they first arrived in Australia.The constitution protects Howards maneuvers as the state government can override the government authority in the Northern territory (Stringer 2007, p. 30). This law is still award in the constitution which gives the government the power to constitutionally usurp territorial governments sovereignty. Howard is doing what the British did to the native aborigines since this intervention has been viewed as contravening the homosexual rights due to its discriminatory nature.Howard claims that he is saving the aboriginal children from being sexually abused by the whites in Australia (Stringer 2007, 32). It is evident that the constitution of Australia is still engraft on the Common Wealth Constitution by the British and vigor has been done to include the native Aborigines in the constitution. The system of court that is present has still borrowed a lot of modeling from the English system (Goldring, 2003). The high court is the final appeal court and also deals with constitution matters.The basis of the constitution of Australia is the commonwealth constitution that was enacted in 1900 and this statute was used until 1942. The independence of the legislature was enacted in 1986 in Australia. This was a symbol of its freedom from Britain. Until 1990, Australia held the status of constitutional monarchy something it had inherited from Britain. Although there are supreme courts in all states, the high court was established to ensure the uniformity of the common law. The common law is inherent of the common l aw in Britain (Edwiyna 2008, p. 230).The premier in the UK is an enviable character who enjoys a lot of executive powers that the presidents of America have no access to. This power is similar to what the premier in Australia enjoys a clear picture that Australia adopted the same political arrangement as Britain which had formerly colonized it (Bennister 2007, p. 335). Both the premiership in Australia exhibit a lot of similarities as the there is a lot of capacity and influence from the premier. in that location are a lot of constraints in the institutional that are discrete, but the capacity of resources is easy to identify. Both of these premiers are stretching the institution through growth in the part of the leaders, policy advice which is bold and centralized and the ministerial advisers functions and roles have been strengthened. These new structures, practices and process are fasten in the political systems of both the premiers and this is attributed to the practice of the ir executive powers (Bennister 2007, p. 330). Australia adopted the office of the premier with executive powers like Britain who can make decisions that are just challenged.ConclusionAustralia, which was a British colony, has borrowed so much from Britain in ground of education, legal and political system. Most of its oldest universities were modeled from the famous British universities such as Cambridge and Oxford. There was a perception that the technical courses offered in these prestigious institutions should be taken as the guidelines in the universities in Australia. This has made most private investors to shy away from establishing more universities and by 2007 there were only two private universities out of the 39 that were present in the country. There has been an outcry for the education system to be diversified to conform to that of American universities that are seen as more appropriate.The constitution that borrowed a lot from the majority rule Act needs some of the statutes to be reviewed to conform to the modern times. The Act that gives the government permission to usurp Northern territories sovereignty sounds so colonist and it should be reviewed to protect the Aboriginal communities. It is the high time that Australia reviewed its own constitution to include everyone and get rid of some of the statutes that were present during colonialism. From this review, it is clear that most Australian systems are modeled on British institutions.BibliographyAroney, N 2007, comparative degree law in Australian constitutional jurisprudence University of Queensland law journal, University of Queensland, Vol. 26(2) pp 8Bennister, M 2007, Tony Blair and John Howard Comparative Predominance and Institution Stretch in the UK and Australia, British journal of politics and international relations, Vol. 9 (3) pp 327-345Edwiyna, H 2008, Colonialism and long-term Growth in Australia An Examination of Institutional Change in capital of Seychelless Water Sector Du ring the Nineteenth Century, Blackwell publishing ltd Vol. 48 (3) pp 266-279Goldring, J 2003, The Australian court system and its oral tradition, Retrieved April 25, 2009 from http//209.85.229.132/search?q=cacheinbECLUBLQ4Jweb.bham.ac.uk/ rhetorical/IAFL03/goldring.doc+How+far+were+Australia%E2%80%99s+legal,+political+

Media Landscape in the World

Media Landscape in the World The sore Modern Media October 12, 2012 The New Modern Media Watching TV while having morning coffee, listening receiving set on the way to work, checking Facebook before work, tweeting in the lunch break, and googling instruction related to work that is the way the bare-ass unexampled media has changed our lives. To understand the term innovative media more, Debashis Aikat(n. d. ), Associate Professor and Media Futurist, has come up with a definition, Modern media refers to trade communication characteristic of recent times, or the contemporary communication relating to a recently developed or advanced technology(Aikat, n. . ) So that basically substance that modern media is the media which is connected to new technologies. Nowadays that is so easy to addition different kinds of modern media however, this new type of media continuously excludes different groups of heap. We ar used to say that is so easy to penetration the internet. Just make out your computer, tablet, or Smartphone and you atomic number 18 connected. Wait How many quite a little are non able to do that? To imbibe the connection, the basic thing we demand is electricity. We need to charge all of the devices in order to use them.According to a paper Arabia 2000, in the year 2011 about 20 percent of worlds population cool it lived without electricity(Arabia 2000, 2011). So these the great unwashed are totally excluded from the modern media. Actually, the number is flat bigger. Because electricity is just the basic thing we need. plainly there are people who have electricity, but they can non afford the devices to be connected to internet. Some could argue that all kind of media cost, and old media is in time more expensive because, for instance, newspapers do not have that much of information but cost almost a dollar a day.There is a difference if you have to take over a dollar whenever you decide to have a newspaper or you have to spend a a co uple of(prenominal) hundred dollars for device, and then you have to rent the internet connection, and of course pay for electricity. Not only people with a low income are excluded from access to new media. Age and righteousness can be the reason wherefore people stick to old media as well. If I ask my grandma to turn off my computer, she would get scared because she would see that computer is not connected to electricity but still works.She is used to see reckoner which has to be connected to electricity. There are many older people who have no ideas how to use new devices. Martin Beckford(2011), the journalist of the news website The telecommunicate in his name writes, A charity report found that older people have trouble getting information about universal services, such as details of libraries and public transport, because so much of it is unplowed online(Beckfors, 2011). This article truly shows that because of the changes in media older people are disjointed from th e world.People could say that when the next generation gets old, that is not going to be a problem anymore. I do not agree with that. Technology changes even faster than people get older. These are the people who do not know how to use devices, but there are also people whose believes do not allow using new technology. For example, in more or less places in the world we can still find groups of people called Amish people. These people do not use new technologies at all. The reason is their religion and believes. It is not expensive to reach people by using media as long as they share the same characteristics.For example, that is not hard to get some information if you speak English, Russian, or French. But if information ineluctably to be translated in the language which is not that popular, companies are not willing to spend money for that. So lets look at the country called Latvia small country with a few million people, and with their hold language. Recently The study Latvia n News Agency LETA posted the article about the findings of scientists group called META-NET which is made by 60 research centers in 34 countries.Findings showed that Latvian language with other 20 European languages are going to disappear because of the fact that new devices are not financial support these languages(LETA, 2012). That means that if you do not know other, more popular, language you cannot chose the Smartphone you want. Or you have to learn the language, but that takes time, and modern media is not waiting, it is already here. In brief, world is changing so does media. The new media allows to reach people in a very fast way, but there are still groups of people who would not get the message.It is connecting billions of people and the same time forgetting billions of people. aft(prenominal) my research I strongly believe that my theses statement in proved, and the new modern media is excluding people with different languages, believes, ages, and financial levels. Ref erences Aikat D. , (n. d). Traditional and Modern Media. encyclopaedia of Life Support Systems. Retrieved from http//www. eolss. net/Sample-Chapters/C04/E6-33-02-04. pdf Beckford M. , (2011). Elderly People Isolated by Technological Advances.The Telegraph. Retrieved from http//www. telegraph. co. uk/health/elderhealth/8867767/Elderly-people-isolated-by-technological-advances. html Latviesu Valodai Draud Digitala Izmirsana Latvian Language Is About to Disappear, (2012). Latvian National News Agency LETA. Retrieved from http//www. tvnet. lv/tehnologijas/zinatnes/437469-latviesu_valodai_draud_digitala_izmirsana UN 1. 6 billion People lull Have No Access to Electricity. (2011). Arabia 2000. Available from Newspaper Source, Ipswich, MA.

The Value of a College Education

The measure of a college education In the 21st century depends on why the person Is attending In the first place. For some Its a family tradition, their fathers, fathers went to college and so the tradition should continue. Which would make the the prize In this case acceptance from mavens family. Others have no Idea what they insufficiency out of flavour but hope college is the place to find it. For me college is a means to and end.Its become the next logical step in my life because without it I can no longer move up in the Job field Im currently in. The value college education is priceless. Of course near think of it as an separate bill but lets not lay to rest their s always a way to get around that homogeneous scholarships, tuition pay and financial aid. But what most dont realize is that value of education is really the doors that open up or that piece of musical composition you studied and paid for.With a college education your possibilities are endless. The knowledge you actualise will give you the upper hand in life, being employable for a Job with a future. Because after all no one wants to work In retail forever or any other dead end Job for that matter. More now than ever a college Is needed. The relationship between success and a College education becomes stronger every year. A higher level of education Is

Independent Regulatory Commissions

Independent regulatory commissions are essentially boards and agencies with ties to the administration, but but classify from the policy making process in order to strike unbiased in regulateation and effective results. They are formed and given effect by sexual relation to regulate a specialised industry. Within specific allowance granted by Congress, these regulatory commissions withdraw the power to form and enforce their own regulations upon industry. Agencies like the FCC (Federal communications commission) were created to help regulate the cliquish sector.In 1934 Congress passed the Communications Act, which abolished the Federal Radio Commission and transferred jurisdiction over radio licensing to a new Federal Communications Commission. The FCCs main mission and obligation is to spring available so faraway as possible, to all the people of the join States, without discrimination on the alkali of race, color, religion, bailiwick origin, or sex, rapid, efficient , Nation-wide, and world-wide wire and radio communication services with fair to middling facilities at reasonable charges. As stated by the legislation of the Communications Act it states that the FCC was created for the purpose of the national defense and for the purpose of promoting safety of look and property through the use of wire and radio communications. Putting the FCC in charge of radio broadcasting and communications regulation our government should be able to get an accurate and unbiased report. Many of todays regulatory commissions were created to be outside the power of both the president and the Congress in their operations.While these committees do get their power through the governmental process and legislation passed by congress, they operate and act with minimal ties to the national government. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is an virtually other one of these agencies. The FAA is an agency of the United States De destinyment of Transportation with au thority to regulate and oversee all aspects of obliging aviation in the U. S.The FAAs major roles include ordinance U. S. technical space transportation, regulating air navigation facilities geometry and shoot inspection standards, supporting and developing civil aeronautics, including new aviation technology, issuing, suspending, or revoking pilot certificates, regulating civil aviation to promote safety, especially through local offices called Flight Standards District Offices, eveloping and operating a system of air traffic envision and navigation for both civil and military aircraft, researching and developing the National air space System and civil aeronautics, and developing and carrying out programs to control aircraft noise and other environmental effects of civil aviation. These regulatory commissions are an important part in overseeing our governments actions. politics Corporation The Federal Government owned corporations are a separate set of corporations funded and owned by the Federal Government, which operate to provide public services.But unlike the national agencies, they have a separate legal personality from the Federal Government, providing the highest take aim of political independence. They sometimes receive Federal budgetary appropriations, but some also have other independent sources of revenue. An example of this is the United States postal Service. The United States Postal Service (USPS) is an agency of the United States government amenable for providing postal service in the United States.It is one of the few government agencies explicitly authorized by the United States Constitution. Independent Executive self-confidence Most independent executive agencies are established through separate statutes passed by the Congress, each providing a necessary statutory grant of authority that defines the goals the agency must work towards. These agency rules and regulations, while in force, have the power of federal law. Most executive agencies have a whiz director, administrator, or secretary who is head of the department.This leadership selection is at the leave of the President. A god example of an independent executive agency is the CIA. The of import Intelligence Agencys (CIA) min job is to coordinate the lore activities of certain government departments and agencies, collect, correlate, and evaluate intelligence information relating to national security, and make recommendations to the United States National Security Council within the Executive Office of the President.

Joystick

What is the essence of the visitors point? Discuss how this quote could apply to the novel. selection 2 A euphemism is the substitution of a mild, indirect or faint-hearted expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh or blunt. neer Let Me Go is filled with euphemisms such as donations, completing and deferrals. after(prenominal) explaining what these words literally mean in the context of the novel, discuss wherefore the guardians of Hails drop these marchess in talking with the students. On a broader level, how does the authors use of these words enhance the effect of the novel as a full?Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller Options In literature the term bedevil describes a character that serves to highlight or emphasize opposing traits in another character. How is Bernard a foil to Biff? How is Charley a foil to Wily? In this paper you will need to discuss the differences in these two pairs of characters. Options Wily Loan is often referred to as a new-fangled tr agic hero. One of the traits of the tragic hero is that he is brought down by a combination of his own tragic flaw as head as forces surrounding him over which he has no control. What do you see is Wily Loans tragic flaw?What are the outside forces (the things that are not his fault) that contribute to his suicide? Option 3 On the surface, Linda Loan appears to be a traditional and subservient wife and mother who Linda demonstrates a clear-sighted intelligence and an almost heroic sense of loyalty. Using specific take the stand from the scam, discuss the admirable qualities of this character. Your Name Dyspepsia Literature Section (Be certain(p) to put in section number. ) 17 September, 2014 Title of the Paper Goes hither When typing a paper in MEAL format, remember this dewy-eyed rule everything is bubble-spaced.This includes the heading, the space between the date and the title, and the first line of text. there should never be any large gaps of blank paper. There should BE A 1 inch margin on all sides of the sheet. Use a sample looking font (this is Caliber) with a font size of 11 or 12. Be sure your paper has a title it should not be underlined or in bold-face. If you mention the call of the novel or play in the title, it should be italicized. In fact, be sure to italicize the name of the book title whenever you use it.

Internet Security Breaches

The world has been undergoing persistent version which approximately buzz off been attributed to the changing developments in science and engine room. In particular, knowledge and communication engineering science is bingle of the near celebrated developments. Indeed, instruction technology has changed the lives of people across the globe. Information technology has reduced the world to a global village with fostering advanced communicationforms. However, with the advancements in study technology, especially the profits, insecurity issues have emerged.Insecurity issues have, in turn, sparked far reaching implications to the users. The nearly rampant security breaches that have been evidenced within the last sixer months allow cyber determent, cyberspace aggression, cyber sendup, computer virus launching and data breaches. Cyber Fraud Cyber fraud move be defined as the use of softwargon or internet run to defraud victims or taking advantage of them. This include s slideing development that is considered personal, in what bring ins identity theft. One of the most common forms of internet fraud entails distributing rogue security package.Internet technology has created the allowance for criminals to carry verboten fraudulent trans make believeions, as tumefy as transmit the proceeds of the frauds to originator(a) institutions. Cyber frauds occur in message boards, websites, emails and even chat rooms (Messner, 2012). acquire fraud is an example of cyber fraud and occurs when a perpetrator pro baffles a demarcation execution to a merchant, only to use fraudulent mechanisms, such as a fake or stolen credit card, to pay for it. The eventuality is that the merchant does not receive the payment and may even be supercharged back for accepting credit cards.Another example of fraud is whereby theperpetrators post information rough goods that they intend to sell. Interested buyers atomic shape 18 asked to make payments for the purchase and delivery of the goods. However, it later turns out that the goods were non-existent and they had only been conned. The third example of cyber fraud is phishing, which is the act of masquerading as a person that can be trusted, such as bank agents or consultants, to acquire information that is sensitive, such as elaborate of credit cards and passwords, among other details that victims may be win over to sh atomic number 18.Subsequently, the information offered is used for fraudulent transactions. It is argued that cyber frauds makeheadlines each day. In October 2012, Barners & Noble Inc. make announcements that several PIN makepads had been hacked in as m whatsoever as its 63 outlets, leaking the card information and PIN numbers racket of its guests. Easy Solution is one of the companies with evolving techniques of curbing cyber frauds. The political party claims to be the only one that is well put to curb respective(a) forms of electronic fraud, clouds and premises.The caller-up has introduced an updated version of the discover observe Services, which entails timely fraud protection, enhanced monitoring capabilities and enhanced fraud protection. Detect Monitoring Service softw be in effect monitors the behaviors and patterns associated with phishing scams. Thus, it catchs the threats ahead they piss damage. The software comprises of a relatively simple interface that can effectively function for all forms of clouds and even premises. It is argued that of over 800, 000 phishing attacks, the service enabled the keep company to chance on as many as 76% on timely basis, exhibiting 3.6 hours of fair(a) deactivation time. Online transactions services have been particularly affected by cyber frauds.More often than not, customers often get cautious when asked to give personal information. Online transaction service providers have only resorted to instilling confidence in the customers as a way of encouraging them. This entails displaying polic ies, security badges and trust certificates, as well as the contact information. Online retailers should highlight security around the websites secured areas to assure customers that their unavowed information is safe.This should be done, regardless of whether some browsers have security indicators reinforced in them. Some online retailing companies, such as Amazon, display this through the use of the sign-in button. Others opt to use padlock symbols that are located in the sign-in areas. This is advisable, even when it is not needed by the customers. Online retailing companies are counsel to give alternative contact options. Indeed, some companies are offering customer care support by using call backs, e-mails, and chats to enable users repute suspicious activities.Data breachesData breaches includeall those cyber activities characterized by unauthorized opening, use and disclosure of individuals or governance information over or from the internet. Malicious attacks are cons idered to constitute the most expensive data breach, yet they are increasing. Malicious attacks account for as fundamental as 40% of the data breaches where negligence account for about 32% (In defence mechanism of Data, 2013)Computer software companies, healthcare records and companies have been the most draw a bead oned and have accounted for as significant as 93% of the global data breaches (In Defense of Data, 2013). net income security is a necessity for every company. A companys vane cannot be said to be effective if it consists of security lapses. Threats to companys meshing can be considered as a subject of mixed activities. However, power employees who leave the company due to downsizing can be considered as a significant threat. Other activities such as a occasional courier dropping packages at the companys premises, employees travelling on company business to other cities, or building perplexity company initiation a fire extinguisher musical arrangement in compan ys premises are not a serious threat.It can be argued that individuals with the potential of hacking, sabotaging and damaging systems are those with familiarity to nature and form of web system. in that locationfore, an employee that left the company has the capability of hacking the companys cyberspace since they are familiar about the loopholes in the companys network system. What increases the chess opening of hacking is,if the employees left the company due to retrenchment, the attempts of network hacking could be fueled by the whims of revenge.It is argued that all former employees that worked in the company, accessing sensitive data bases and financial documents pose a threat to the companys security. The fact that information technology does not respond to the altering of access points act as a fueling factor. Therefore, a person with information about the companys network system has the potential of causing more harm than a hacker. According to the 2005 CERT survey, a si gnificant number of former employees are more and more utilizing the opportunity.The survey indicates that about 59% of the security impingement is done by former companys contractors48% of those involved in hacking had been pillaged38% had left the company due to downsizing while 7% had been retrenched. The survey as well notes that former IT professionals are particularly a significant threat to data security(Hazelden Foundation, 2012). Data breaches caused by negligence could be terminate by addressing the factors associated with negligence. On the other hand, data breaches caused by cattish software could be prevented by using usurp network misdemeanor, detection techniques and anti-spyware software.Technological mechanisms would include updating and altering passwords for security purposes. Network usurpation/ Hacking Network intrusion or hacking refers to the unauthorized entry into a network, often characterized by malicious ambition of intercepting information from the network or website. The information can be used for other criminal activities such as fraud or espionage. Telvent Company hacking is considered as one of the recent hacking events that occurred in September 2012.The company has learned that its firewall and security systems have been compromised by the attackers who installed malicious software that enabled them steal project files. Telvent, a company whose services and software are apply in monitoring energy industry reported that it has been hacked which affected its exploit in coupled States, Spain and Canada. The incident was blamed on Chinese hacking groups in detach to Western interests (Thiel, 2012). Lately, US officials have blamed Russia and China for staging intrusion attacks against United States for espionage, economic gains and other selfish motives.In November 2012, Leon Panetta, the US Secretary of Defense, had warned that United States was about to experience a cyber-attack comparable to Pearl Harbor, blaming hacking incidents that had been linked to the marrow East and United States Oil producers (Messner, 2012). The technological intervention to network intrusion is the development of invasion detection Systems (IDSs). IDSs refer to application of device or software that aims at monitoring both networks or activities of systems against activities that are either malicious or that violate policies in place.Types of IDSs include Network violation Detection Systems (NIDSs) and Hot-based Intrusion Detection System (HIDS). Network Intrusion Detection System is considered as one of the most popular turn upes. Network Intrusion Detection System refers to a system that is designed to detect activities that are considered malicious such as service denial attacks, port discerns, as well as cracking into computers via Network Security Monitoring. NID senses the packets coming through the network and scans them in order to identify patterns that are suspected to be malicious.Such patterns c an be referred to as rules or signatures. Not only NIDSis control to scanning of the network traffic that comes into the system but, one can in any case find a lot of key information concerning network intrusion from both local traffic and outgoing networks. More so, through NIDS, it is contingent to stage attacks from the inside the network under monitoring and even a segment of the network. In this regard, such attacks are not in any way considered as incoming traffic. Usually, other various systems are corporate to function with NIDS.The other network systems could, for instance, deal with updating the blacklists of firewalls using IP address of the computers under the use of real or suspected network crackers. NIDS consist of documentation (DISA) that utilizes NID as a terminology with a target of distinguishing IDS that are internal from external. Just like any other IDS, NIDS comprises sensors and attention console as its essential components. While management console de als with management and reporting, sensors deal with monitoring of networks. NIDS senses network intrusions through examination of network traffic.The system has the capability of monitoring multiple hosts. Usually, the access to the network traffic is gained through connection to a hub of networks, port-mirroring configured networks or even through the network taps. The NIDS sensors are situated at checkpoints of networks under monitoring. This are more often than not located in demilitarized areas or at the boarders of the network so as to increase effectiveness. All the network traffic is captured by the sensors before each of the packets contents are eventually analyzed for malicious network traffic.There are various examples of NIDS such as commercial products (such as ISS Realsecure, NFR Network Intrusion Detection System, Sourcefire and Computer Associates e Trust IDS) and freeware products (such as Ethereal, shit and Tcpdump). Snort is the most common of all. NIDS should be considered as the most appropriate for organization securitybecause it ensures the greatest impact on the security of the network, takes shorter time to position compared to HIDS, yet it is relatively cheaper.Additionally, as long as it is placed on the outside of firewall or demilitarized zones to ensure for effectiveness, NIDS is capable of monitoring all forms of internet traffic and relays immediate feedback on the nature of network security. NIDS is very distinguished to the general internet security. But particularly concerning the network security, NIDS is farther important to organizations in the following ways first, NIDS has the capability of detecting attacks that HIDS cannot, for instance, fort scan and denial-of-service.Second, NIDS quickly detects and alerts on incidents of intrusion to avert maximum damage. This is particularly meet t o the demilitarized zones, considering the fact that internet providers usually situated at the zones are major computer attack tar gets. Third, NIDS is capable of reporting roaring as well as unsuccessful attacks which is particularly essential as it offers a chance to better understand the network and hence, a key to network security enhancement. Fourth, NIDS equips organizations with knowledge regarding the environment of their network.Fifth, but for application of NIDS, it is difficult to identify network hacking. Lastly, NIDS is very important for organizations forensic evidence dent (Thiel, 2007). In this regard, it is not easy to tamper with the evidence unless the aggressors interfered with IDS. debut worms Launching worms is a cybercrime that involves development of worms, as well referred to as vi frauds, then releasing them on the internet domains. The worms slow down the internet connectivity or infect computers to stop them from functioning effectively.In 2000, FBI suspected incidents of cybercrimes being committed by the Russian citizens viz. Alexey Ivanov and VasiliyGorshkov. It sought to tr ack the suspected cyber criminals, luring them to come to United States with a ruse of a job promise (Quinlan, 2012). Activities of concocting worms and launching them on the internet are illegal in some parts of the world. As such, a person found to engage in cybercrime activities that spreads worms is likely to be prosecuted in various courts of countries affected by the worms. In some cases, the prosecution can be consecutive.However, in practice, few countries are in the position of claiming jurisdictions partly because some assume other countries would have incurred serious damages to consider it a priority to prosecute. These reflect how tricky dealing with cybercrimes across the borders is. Certain actions that are done on the internet may be legal in countries where they are initiated, but illegal in other countries that have access to the internet content. There are various recent incidents that entail virus launching. In October 2012, reports were made that FBI was to shut down a DNS as a way of containing viruses.Users were required to check their computers for virus and clean them before they could be allowed to access. These steps had been taken following the launching of the internet infestation by the DNS changer virus. The virus had cost the world billions of dollars (Quinlan, 2012). There are various technological approaches to worm problems. The most common approach is through installing anti-virus software. The antivirus software could be installed remotely on the computers, creating the allowance for all the information that streams in to be scanned for viruses.Malicious files and viruses are either blocked or repaired. Anti-virus could also be installed on the internet to scan the information that is sent over it. Websites, such as Google, are now offering such services. There are various antivirus software products on the market, including Avira, Norton and Kaspersky, which are effective in detecting and blocking malware (Nnap, 2011). Cyb er boss around Cyber bullying has been cited as one of the areas that constitute internet security breaches. It entails transferring of abusesor information aimed at intimidating other people.Cyber bullying has turned out as the newest platform for which the people, especially the youth, are increasingly abusing each other. The more concerning issue is that there are currently no new appropriate techniques that intervene for cyber bullying despite the large numbers of children who have access to information and technologies. Internet and cell phone communication theory have been cited as tools of cyber bullying. Even more intriguing is that cyber bullying occurs during clear up time. Various incidents of cyber bullying have been witnessed recently.One of the cases that conspicuously featured on password headlines was of Alexis Henkel, a high school student. Henkel was charged with posting a number of anonymous and threatening messages on the internet account of one of her former classmates, who she accused of engaging in a flirt with his boyfriend (HazeldenFoundation, 2012). It has been argued that cyber bullying is particularly rampant because most cases are not reported. The most appropriate technological approach to addressing cyber bullying entails the application of guard duty tools, which facilitates content monitoring, as well as blocking.Indeed, various social sites now offer safety tools that enable users and administrators to report and block forms of communication that amount to bullying. These go hand-in-hand with the approach of instilling of ethical morals among the users, as well as informatory the society on online safety, including ways of using online safety tools. Category of internet security Breaches Information leakageIntegrity ViolationDenial of ServiceIllegitimate use Data breaches information stored in a website is accessed and released without authorityCyber bullying entails sending abuses and information that undermines the inte grity of other peopleWorm Launching worms or viruses block internet access, denying the victims access to the internet. Additionally, some worms infect computers, making them malfunction. This also denies the victims access to computer services1. Internet intrusion and Hacking Hacking enables the perpetrators to access websites and use services illegitimately. 2. Cyber fraud Cyber fraud constitutes the motives of illegitimate use of internet resources

Aero-Space Engineering †The New Field of Engineering

Aero-space manoeuvering is a clean field of training that has tight links with the fields of astro-physics, supposititious physics, chemistry, structural engineering science, and space dynamics. It is definitely an old form of engineering if we link to the space absorb in the 1960s, but this field is considered refreshful because the new theoretical propositions in both space chemistry and astro-physics were put to test. radical methods deserved new application.First, aero space engineers takes part in the designing of launch pads stationed in a body of water, say in the Atlantic or Pacific oceans. Engineers in the 1960s to 70s faced the bar of achieving bouyancy of launch pads due to some miscalculations or rudimentary tools. Because of advances in theoretical physics, these calculations were corrected. Aero-space engineers were adequate to develop launch pads that can be released from bodies of water. They were too able to develop spacecraft parts that can withstand th e temperature in space. They were also the once who developed highly efficient landing tools for rovers and the Viking satellites.Because of the difficulty of their work, an aero-space engineer has to study the environment of a place (a planet or satellite) ahead the major design for a landing probe start. They would have to chew the fat with other scientists trained in other fields to get selective information and advice. They would have to coalesce these pieces of data to dvelop or modify space equipments.The more(prenominal) complicated the data, the more complicated is the resulting technology. It is then of no doubt that an aero-space engineer would have to take a wide range of courses from ecology to physics to astro-physics. This would ensure that the would-be aero-space engineer has a wide-range of knowledge when it comes to design and modification. Although aero-space engineering is offered only in some American universities, its prospect for the future is great. in tha t location is a wide array of possibilities waiting for any graduate of the new field. NASA is offering wide range of job (highly paid) for these graduates.ReferenceThe Princeton criticism. Career Profiles Aero-Space Engineer. Princeton Review Publishing, 1997.Related linkshttp//www.discoverengineering.org/Engineers/aerospace_engineering.asphttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerospace_engineering

Mayon: the Origin Essay

Her unsullied splendor cannot be denied. The sight of her can take ones schnorchel away. She is simply radiant as she brooks tall and grand in the horizon. She is in truth a one of a kind beauty that captivates anyone who pays her a visit. You rush to be visually challenged to miss her brilliance. When she sleeps, shes as gentle as a baby but when she stirs, she could easily strike horror among the paddy wagon of men. She is loved for her beauty and tranquillity and spurned for her sometimes deadly and devastating aspect. This beauty is none other but the majestic Mt. Mayon which is located in the province of Albay in the Bicol region. It is known approximately the globe for its flawless cone shape. In some ways, she is same a shy maid who likes to hide, apply the clouds above her like a veil.Legendary OriginThe legend of Mt. Mayon goes around the tragic love story of a fair young heroine named Daragang Magayon and a dauntless warrior. The legend has been narrated and pas sed on from generation to generation by the mess of Albay. The legend has become a part of the lives of the people living in Daraga, Albay because Mt. Mayon plays an integral part in their beliefs, cultural practices and festivities. In fact, theres an annual fiesta called Magayon Festival which is celebrated every month of May. The festival relives the legend of Mount Mayon. Different discrepancys of the origin of the majestic Mayon Volcano stimulate risen because of the oral tradition of telling stories and slip awaying them down to the next banknote of descent.First versionThe legend is ab by the story of a sightly lady named Daragang Magayon who lives in Kabikolan before the separation of the Philippines to mainland Asia. At that time, a maiden could not marry a man who lived outside the Kabikolan. Daragang Magayon rejected a native suitor named Paratuga. He was rich but selfish. She confessed to her father, Tiong Makusog, who also happened to be the chief of the village that she had fallen in love with a queer named Panganoron, who saved her from drowning. Her father loved her so much and told her that he would set about a way to fulfil the longing of her heart. The manipulative Paratuga decided to sneak Tiong Makusog to force Daragang Magayon to marry him. The lovely maiden did not have a choice but to agree to the kidnappers demand. When Panganoron found out about the deceit, he attacked the village of Paratuga.As soon as he arrived at the wedding ceremony, Daragang Magayon hurried to his side but she was hit by a stray arrow. As Panganoron lifted the fallen maiden, he was attacked from behind. The lovers died in that unfortunate event. Tiong Makusog buried his daughter together with all her earthly possessions that Paratuga had bestowed on her as wedding gifts such as gold and precious stones. To everyones surprise, the burial ground began to rise a week after the burial.thither were always white clouds hovering on top of the mound. The mound grew larger and bigger as time passed. The legend goes on that the angry odor of Paratuga sometimes attempts to unearth the grave of Daragang Magayon to get back the gold and precious stones that he gave her, which causes tremors and volcanic flushs. He never succeeds in his quest and always ends up getting rocks and lava from the volcano. The cloud that hovers over the volcano is said to be the spirit of Panganoron who still weeps over the loss of his love. His tears fall to the earth as raindrops.Second versionThere lived a man named Magayon who had a beautiful princess as a niece. He was tremendously protective of her and never allowed a man to come close enough to ask her hand. One day, a brave warrior arrived and became attracted to the princess beauty. He asked the aid of the wind to friend him pass through and through the royal chamber so he could lure the princess to elope with him. When the lovers left, Magayon followed them. The princess and the warrior asked the help of the Gods to save them. Suddenly a landslide occurred and buried Magayon. According to the legend, the eruption of Mt. Mayon is brought about by the anger of Magayon.Third versionThe third version of the legend is told by Laura Agpay, a native of Bicol. There was once a princess named Daragang Magayon. She lived in Bicol where her family reigned supreme over the entire place. She was known for her unrivalled beauty. legion(predicate) warriors, princes and datus would travel from different areas of the country in the hope of getting her hand in marriage. Magayon did not like any of the royalties who were presented to her because her heart has already been captured by a warrior and prince named Handiong. Unfortunately, Handiong hailed from the rival tribe, the enemy of Magayon tribe.Magayon and Handiong suffered tremendously from their tribes attempts to separate them. When they could not stand being apart anymore, they fled, which resulted to a blood bath between the dickens ene my tribes. The young lovers could not accept the pain and torment of the events that followed. The ii decided to end their lives. Even in death, the tribes separated the young couple. subsequently several months, the Magayon tribe noticed a volcano growing in the spot where Magayon was buried. They named the volcano Bulkang Magayon depicting its perfect shape just like their beautiful Daragang Magayon.

Costing Methods Pape Essay

import a paper of no more than 700 row addressing the adjacent questions What strategies did the caution of Super bakery, Inc. use? Why did Super Bakerys focussing think it was necessary to install an ABC formation? Do you hold back with their reasoning? If you disagree, identify your recommended costing system, including your rationale, to management. Would a meditate identify cost system or a process coiffure cost system work for Super Bakery. Why or why non? Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.College is too important not to give it your all, no matter what you face throughout your collegiate c beer. Hopefully, this bind has given you some very useful advice that will help accommodate college life easier for you and getting to that all important graduation day with self-confidence a little less challenging.In this document ACC 561 Assignment hebdomad 4 Costing Methods Paper there is a review of the following parts Strategy ABC Installation Cost System c ompletion Business accounting systemResource AccountingRead BYP17-5, titled communion Activity, in the Ch. 17 Broadening Your Perspective section of Accounting .Write a paper of no more than 700 words addressing the following questions What strategies did the management of Super Bakery, Inc. use? Why did Super Bakerys management think it was necessary to install an ABC system? Do you agree with their reasoning? If you disagree, identify your recommended costing system, including your rationale, to management.To get more course tutorials natter https//bitly.com/12BinkmCollege is something that you want to make sure that youre ready for as much as possible. While you have to live into much of it, there are many things you have to do ahead of time in order to make sure youre successful. Make sure you continue interlingual rendition in order to find out the information you need. Business Accounting

My Experience in Islam Worship Essay

My offset printing phone to Islam pietism as I rec each happened three years ago through a Moslem friend who invited me to observe their idolization. Prior to my kickoff insure, I often hear through a loud utterer something like an utterance just now also seem like a song coming from a Mosque non so far from where I live. Of course, every organized religion has their own way of expressing their doctrine but I should say Islam is quite unique in a sense that believers endorse deep sense of respect and fear to Allah. Islam was born in the city of Mecca around 570 A. D.through the vaticinator Mohammad. Esposito (2002) noted that in the sixth century, Mecca was emerging as a overbold commercial center with vast untried wealth but also with a growing division between rich and poor, ch all in allenging the traditional system of Arab tribal values and well-disposed security(p. 7). According to Esposito, it was this time and social condition in which prophet Mohammad pr eached the message of Quran which formed the basis for the religion we know as Islam calling all to return to the godliness of the true deity and a socially clean social club (Esposito 2002, p.7).Like Christianity, Islam religion has a inherent claim of its origin from the Bible. Muslims also believe that God sent revelations archetypal to Moses, then to Jesus. Esposito aptly stated that Muhammad is not considered the founder of the new religion of Islam but like the biblical prophets who came before him, he was a phantasmal reformer (p. 7). Mohammad himself according to Esposito claim that he did not bring a new message from a new God but called large number back to the one true God and to a new of liveness they had forgotten or deviated from.Islams claim for biblical origins can be traced from Qurans abundant references to stories in the Old and New Testaments which include Adam and Eve, Abraham and Moses, David and Solomon, Jesus and Mary. Esposito pointed out that Islam and latria of Allahthe Arabic word for God was a return in the midst of a polytheistic society to the forgotten past, to the Abrahams monotheist faith. During my first attendance to Islam worship, one thing that I see was that they bowed down with their face al nigh if not pitiable the ground.As far as I am concern, there is no ghostlike organization doing the same, not even the Jews who had probably the most dusky concept of worship. Though I am quite aw atomic number 18 of this stylus of worship, I was really intrigued how they had developed such way of expressing their faith and disappointment before God. I found that for Islam, the meaning of worship is more than just rendering sincere service, or showing reverence for Allah. Abdul-Rahman (2003) emphasized that worship implies total first appearance and complete obedience to Allahs commandments both in utterances and public actions, whether explicit or implicit and in private or public (p.331).As I observed the way Mus lims conduct themselves in public worship, their manner proves they indeed a deep devotion and submission to Allah. According to the teachings of Quran, bowing down of heads during worship and during appealingness is part of the promissory note of the followers of Mohammad who is the messenger of Allah. The Quran teaches, Muhammad is the messenger of Allah. And those who ar with him are stern against disbeliever, and merciful among themselves. You see them bowing and falling down flavourless, seeking munificence from Allah and his good pleasure.The mark of them is on their faces from the traces of prostration. This is their description in the Tawraat (Torah) al-Ahzaab 3340 (As cited by Abdul-Rahman, p. 177). On my visit at a Sunni Muslim Mosque, I noticed that contrary to other non-Sunni Muslims, the manner of supplication and worship of the Sunni Muslims are a little bit different as they would stand, rest, or prostrate when worshipping or praying. However, what was intrigu ing in their manner of worship was that when they prostrate themselves in appealingness and worship, they face in the direction of Mecca.Although the concept of this practice was not new as during Israels Babylonian captivity in 570 BC, Prophet Daniel was thrown into the lions den for praying three time a day facing capital of Israel (Daniel 6 11). For Muslims both Sunni and non Sunni, praying facing Mecca is one way of showing devotion to Islam because Mecca is Muslims holy city. OBrien (2007) noted that Muslims pray five times a day while facing Mecca (p. 135). Even in Muslims five pillars of faith, tour to Mecca is considered as one of the five pillars that a devout Muslim should experience. piece this tradition may be viewed by non Muslims as naive in time apparently, it reflects their devotion and loyalty to their religion. It shows that Muslims are faithful to their beliefs and tradition and to the founder of Moslem religion and Mecca serves as the symbol of their spiri tual unity. When somebody visits a mosque for the first time, what he would likely to see are people chatting quietly or napping on the carpets and are praying and reading the Quran. But what could be more affect perhaps is the main prayer or worship area, which is just a large open space with no pews or benches. around of us are used to see pews and benches and expensive as well as sophisticated church facilities such as organ, drum set, piano and all church equipments adorning the main worship hall once we are at heart the church either Christian or Roman Catholic Church. In Islam, although mosque is the sacred space for individual and congregational worship and it serves as places for prayer, supposition and learning yet unlike most Christian churches, the space is impeccant of any equipment as Muslims simply bow down or kneel when they come to pray or worship.The interior of the mosque is simple and austere. There is no altar and no sanctuary, and there is even no clergy to deliver sermons nor are there any seats. Visitors to Sunni mosque can observe believers may stand, bow, kneel, or prostrate themselves, but they do not sit in the House of God. The keen behind all this, according to Bernard Lewis and Buntzie Ellis Churchill (2008) is that the act of worship includes prostrations, to the point where the worshippers forehead touches the ground (p. 40).Lewis & Churchill (2008) described their observation of the Muslim prayer and worship in mosque as follows To participate in the ritual prayers, Muslims essential be ritually pure. This is accomplished by means of ablutions, the manner and order of which are specifically regulated. To preserve the purity of the floor on which the worshipper prostrates himself, it is forbidden to enter the mosque wearing shoes or boots. These must be left at the entrance, and the worshipperor, fro the matter, visitormust enter unshoed or with special slippers provided at the entrance.The need to for purity precludes the participation or even the presence, during the prayers, of non-Muslims (p. 41). Aside from empty space, first time visitor to Mosque could also observed that there were no liturgies, but all prayers and recitations of verses from Quran. However, conversing with any develop Muslim, one could learn that Muslims perform worship five times daily. sermon of worship, Browen (993) observed, The rituals begin with ablutions, after which the worshipper, either alone or in congregation, performs 2, three, or four raka or worship cycles in the direction of Mecca. apiece the worshipper executes a fix sequence of movements (Standing, Prostrating, kneeling, sitting), each accompanied by a fix Arabic recitation (p. 291). The recitations according to Browen include praises of God, affirmations of his oneness, a general request for divine guidance, and, at the beginning of each cycle, two or more verses from Quran. I could affirm this observation because during my own visit to Sunni Muslim wo rship, I personally witness how they demonstrate their devotion to Allah.In comparison to worship perform in most Christian churches I could say that Muslim worship is deeply grounded on loyalty, devotion and reverence to God. In Christian churches, we could not deny that most of us are looking for comfort and even for entertainment once inside the church. We cannot simulate long hours of worship service particularly on listening to the sermon of the word of God. Most of us we enjoy the singing of joyful Christian music but felt board during most of the service hours. In Muslim worship, one can observe that everyone sincerely performs worship to Allah.Browen pointed out, Worshippers may also add petitionary prayers to the recitations. Worship should be performed five times daily at first light, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset, and night (p. 291). The Friday noon worship consists of a sermon and two worship cycles, and should be performed in congregation. It also has a prayer leader an d a sermon giver. But one of the most notable things for the first timer in mosque worship is that one ordain find that worshippers are either all men or all women. This is perhaps common in all mosque worship. The reasons for this were quite obvious.Not very much about their customs but about the physical nature of the prayer in which worshippers stand shoulder to shoulder, foot to foot, and which require the position of prostration. Haddad, metalworker & Moore (2006) noted the arguments on the separation of men and women during worship in Mosque. Citing statements from Muslim women, Haddad, Smith & Moore wrote, Very few Muslim women say that they want to worship side by side with men (p. 63). I dont want men to look at me like that and be distract from their attention to God, nor do I wish to look directly at the rear parts of men during prayers goes the arguments.In some sense, this separation of sexes is a little different from other religions that also practiced separation o f sexes during worship. Most religions practicing the separation of sexes are concern merely about the setting arrangements and not entirely excluding women in the same area, whereas worship in mosque gives preference on men at the main worship area, thereby promoting mens supremacy over women. Haddad, Smith, and Moore stated, When space is severely limited, women may find themselves worshipping in less desirable areas such as hallways or basements (p.64).My visit in Sunni Muslim worship, although there might only be very elegant if none at all, differences between Sunni and non-Sunni Muslims, greatly impressed me because I realized how zealous are the Muslims in their faith in God. I realized that their motives of worshipping God are plain and simple but the manner they worship demonstrates how deep their devotion to Allah is. Their effort to focus their attention to God is admirable as they cannot be perhaps equaled by todays worship both by Catholics or Christian worship.Many will find Muslim womens clothing for example as weird and burdensome, but most Muslim women prefer wearing their hijab in order to invalidate seducing men by their physical form. For most Muslim women, styles of clothing make exactly what they are expected to be a model for her sexuality and her faith. To sum up my observation, the worship I had seen was full of unfamiliar religious observance yet they all reflect profound expression of faith in God which is diminishing in many Christian worship today.Abdul-Rahman, M. (2003) Islam U. K. MSA Publicatin Bowen, R. J. (1993) Muslims Through Discourse USA Princeton University advertize Haddad, Y. , Smith, J. I. & Moore, K. M. (2006) Muslim Women in the States USA Oxford University Press Esposito, J. L. (2002) What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam New York Oxford University Press Lewis, B. & Churchill, B. E. (2008) Islam USA Wharton School Publishing OBrien, M. E. (2007) Spirituality in nurse USA Jones & Barlett Publishers

Show Some Respect

Show Some paying attention Michel de Montaigne once said, on that point is, nevertheless, a certain gaze and a general duty of worldly concern that ties us, not only to beasts that have breeding and sense, besides even to trees and plants (Foglia). Respect is the catalyst in the formation of a stepping pit on the manner through the forest of life, creating bonds with completely living creatures along the way. It is through assess that the another(prenominal) six of the seven teachings are formed. Instilled in the youth of my condemnation, or at least in my family, is to ceaselessly be abide byful towards entirely elders. This is something that todays youth has let fade into the past.It is heart wrenching to see elders beingness bad mouthed, ignored, and treated so cruelly. I was always taught to listen to what my elders were offering me in advice, even if I didnt want it. I never once dared to talk back. If you respect your elders, take the time to listen. Youll be truly inspired as you hear their stories of long ago. Elders break so much wisdom of the past, we can learn from them on how to divulge our future as people and caretakers of mother earth. Croaker 2 That being said, respect can too be defined in how we treat make Earth. Taking the time to recycle is one way of showing respect to her.Its really sad to see all the garbage being buried beneath her surface. Mother Earth is not a toss out ground, shes a birthing ground. Every spring she gives birth to sweet life to shed more beauty upon us. From the first flower time out the surface to the greening of the trees. She welcomes in not only the human births, but the births of animals as well. That alone deserves the utmost respect, so lets do our part and keep her clean. Respect yourself and take good care of yourself (Using the sevener Traditional Teachings to Raise Healthy Anishinaabe Children 18).This is the first step in delineate what respect is. How do you treat yourself? Do y ou ask for help when you motivating it or do you proceed alone? Questions purposely left unrequited because its withal hard to face the fact that they lost respect for themselves. People are constantly disrespecting their bodies by abusing drugs and alcohol. Maybe thats why most wont look in the mirror. They are too afraid they wont like what they see because they lost all respect for their spirit to thrive. Because of this I see the pain emanating from the eyes of our strange elders as they watch our youth commit cultural genocide.Mashkode-bizhiki, translated into English from the Ojibwe style means buffalo. I do not know exactly why our people chose this animal to represent respect in the seven teachings. However, I believe their paths have been intertwined with the Anishinaabe people because together they endured the tests of time. They had to go survive common winter conditions without the luxury of electricity to keep them warm at night. They were also slaughtered senseles sly by Croaker 3 the white man as they took their lands from them. present we are today, still standing strong but fewer in numbers just like the mashkode-bizhiki.If the path through the forest of life was marked with stones that represented each one of our sacred seven teachings, the stone of respect would begin the path. The next teachings would then follow. Because, respect forms all other teachings that assists in the formation of bonds with all living creatures as well. Works Cited Foglia, Marc. Michel De Montaigne. Stanford cyclopedia of Philosophy. 18 Aug 2004. Web. 21 Jan 2013. . Using the Seven Teachings to Raise Healthy Anishinaabe Children. Booklet. 18. release

Modern Day Slavery in the United States: An Invisible Shadow

When thinking of modern day slain truth, it is impossible for the average individual to comprehend that it is still going on within our own unpolished today. The issues of slavery and inequality have been a major part of the autobiography of the get together States, and the fact that they are still hidden behind walls of ignorance and dread are more than can be grasped by the human mind. innovational day slavery exists not because todays proletarians are immigrants or because some of them dont have papers but because gardening has eternally managed to sidestep the aim rules that are imposed upon other industries (Bale, 1984, pg. 5).It has always seemed as if object lessonity was what our country had originally fought for when struggling with the issues of slavery, but the very fact our g all overnment and local politics have ref utilize to accept the human beings of migrant slavery in our country, due to the web of financial avariciousness by layers of major industries, proves to be a major root word of divergence against the migrant workers who have entered our country to elevate their standards of poverty life.Over the years, umpteen of our activists have approached the morality issues of slavery in the United States with the image of slavery coming to mind of trade ships bringing African slaves to our country, forcing them into slave labor against their will. What does not come to mind, which is why so galore(postnominal) mass pass it hard to fuck slavery today, are images of Immokalee migrants living in caparison owned by the towns largest landlord, a family named Blocker, owns several snow old shacks and mobile domiciles, many rusting and mildew-stained, which can rent for upwards of two hundred dollars a week, a square-footage rate approaching Manhattan (Bale, 1984, pg. 2). other image of slavery is of the migrants assumeday after working 8 to twelve hours a day, cardinal or seven days a week, After charging workers a check-cash ing present, the brothers (the bosses) then garnished for rent, food, work equipment, the ride from Arizona (where they were picked up), and quotidian transportation to and from the fields. Whatever remained was usually spent on food at La Guadalupana (Bale, 1984, pg.3). After this, the workers barely broke even. In addition, no utilities were provided in the rent for migrants, so this was also deducted.The labor contractors exert near-absolute control over their workers lives besides handling the payroll and deducting taxes, they are frequently the sole source of the workers food and housing, which in addition to the ride to and from the fields, they provide for a fee. (Bale, 1984, pg. 2). Females themselves had their own brand of slavery which included rape and forced prostitution, In 1998, Rogerio Cadena and fifteen others, including several relatives, were charged with smuggling twenty women and girls, some as young as fourteen, into the United States from Mexico with promises of jobs in housekeeping, landscaping, and child care.The women were do to pay a smuggling fee of more than two thousand dollars for each one and held in sexual slavery in trailer-home brothels in South Florida and the Carolinas. (Bale, 1984, pg. 5) These women were essential to perform between fifteen and twenty-five sexual acts per day, and victims who became large(predicate) were forced to have abortions and then return to work within weeks the follow of the abortion was added to their debt. (Bale, 1984, pg. 5-6)The problem with all of this was that a migrant agriculture worker was paid nevertheless 40 cents a bucket, which weighs thirty-two pounds (Bale, 1984, pg. 2) which hardly made any of it worth it, if they had only known in advance. To calculate wages, a worker would have to pick 125 buckets a day to film a daily wage of $50. For the average citizen of the United States this would seem bare wages, but for the Haitians, poor whites, Mexicans, and African-American mi grant workers it was a fortune, as quoted by one migrant worker, Farmwork in Mexico pays about five or six dollars a day when its available (Bale, 1984, pd. 3).What they were not told is that once they arrived in the rich country of the United States, they would barely make a dime bag due to the high prices their bosses would charge them for living expenses that were never discussed. (Bale, 1984, pg. 3).Forced unknowingly into a slave life, the conditions of these migrant workers are the same as slaves anterior in our history. Similar to the African slaves, they are sold to owners or bosses, the workers saw Nino write out a check to El Chaparro. They were told that the bosses had paid a thousand dollars for each of them (Bale, 1984, pg. 3). They receive little, if any wages, as previously stated. And they sour at the complete mercy of these abusive individuals, where workers were forced to work six days a week, netting at most fifteen dollars a day. According to one Flores vict im, female camp residents were raped, and gunfire was often use by guards to keep order. (Bales, 1984, pg. 5).The sense of community of these migrant workers was vanished due to the language barrier of individual races, different cultures, and fear of reprisal from their bosses of owners who used threats of violence against them if they did not do as they were told. If it had been there, communication would have allowed them to assay help, which some actually did out of sheer desperation with many of the dying. crafty these facts, it is almost difficult, if not impossible, to purchase products from companies such as Taco Bell, Tropicana, Coca-Cola, McDonalds, Wendys, and many others recognizing that their profit and products arrive through such sweatshop like situations (Bale, 1984, pg. 4) in our country. some(prenominal) people have boycotted these products, such as Taco Bell, but only 1,000 workers have been rescued out of half-a-million migrant workers living in the United States in the year 2003.Appearing futile, the term moral beauty seems a laughable situation as we bet back in retrospect. What is well-favoured and moral about struggling migrant workers who are exhausted, hungry, and worried to remnant about the financial status of their families they have left in their home countries with no way out? But more than that, what is beautiful and moral about a country, whose stepping-stones of democracy were equality and anti-slavery, yet who now refuses to acknowledge such situations?Facts prove that migrant slavery exists in our country today, with people dying who were attempting to better themselves. What would have happened if we had welcomed by the same type of individuals when we introductory came to our new country, to better our lives? Would we have been more understanding and more given(predicate) to help the migrant workers in their plight? Or would we still look the other way until the slavery was so blatant we were forced to do some thing about it so we would look good to those watching.ReferencesBales (1984). Nobodies Annals of dig, The New Yorker. The Conde NastePublications, Inc.

Bad Popcorn In Big Buckets

The research questions were clearly st taked with twain dependent (9 stoppage Rickart scale questionnaire) and independent variables (large v average surfaced containers and ratty v fresh popcorn) identified. Study was a randomly controlled trial, 2 x 2 between-subjects design.Participants were randomly given either a 120 gram or a 240 gram container of pre-weighed, fresh or stale popcorn to flow while viewing the movie after the movie the containers and remaining popcorn were re-weighed to determine measures of consumption participants were also required to complete a 9-point Rickart scale questionnaire in order to measure perceived taste and to write a description of the in order to measure palatability of the popcorn, and to write a description of this palatability and whether they considered the size of the containers as having any impact on the amount they consumed.Location Philadelphian cinema Stargate movie. Subjects 158 viewers of the movie, 57. 6% male fresh popcorn average-sized containers n=38 and larger-sized containers n=40, stale popcorn average container n=39 and large container, n=40 means and ANOVA results (analysis of variance) indicated that participants in each randomized sample were comparable in age (28. 9, 30. 4, 29. 0 and 27. 2 years of age, F=0. 465, P0. 20), and gender mix (57%, 60%, 62%, 54% male, chi-square = 0.522, P0. 20. Findings regression coefficients show that those given fresh popcorn ate 45. 3% more from large containers (85. 6 vs 58. 9 grams, F1, 76=38. 6, P,0. 01) The size of container proved to have compelling influence on consumption, which was higher for both fresh and stale popcorn (45. 3% and 33. 6% respectively) when eaten from the large containers, take down when regarded as unpalatable (disliked) by participants (50. 8 vs 38. 0 grams, F 1,77=8.73, P. 0. 01). raw popcorn however, procured a larger increase in consumption than the stale (F1, 154=7. 42, P

Information and Knowledge Management Essay

The group presented xerox copy and NASA as fictional character studies for selective reading and companionship Management concepts and processes. These two case studies are chosen for their unique experiences. It is not the focus of this sensible to compare and contrast the two cases. The objective of this cloth is to discuss how the key issues that were chosen by the group relate to the festering literature most Information and Knowledge Management. Along with this, efforts to differentiate Information Management and Knowledge Management provide a give time lag of these two concepts, their serves and their posts in organizations.Xeroxs case focused on its organizations efforts to arrive at accessing its cognition by transforming mute into explicit. Prior to the mental institution of its knowledge fundament system, in the form of Eureka II, ethnographic usage on Xerox employees provided an initiative for the comp any to grow an interest in managing its organizational acquire. The key issues from this study were set. Andrew Coxs investigation of Xeroxs Eureka system and its inception seems to indicate that knowledge focusing is a re-packaged concept of information oversight.The employment of Orrs ethnographic wee implicates a possibility that the organization used this innovation as its profess rebranding tool. (Suchman in Cox, 2007, p. 7). Further more(prenominal), the group inquires about the concept of communities of practice (CoPs) as a more promising alternative to the technical approach enforced in Eurekas construction as knowledge base system. The case study of Xerox provided an opportunity to glimpse how an organization be dos and transforms its practices to gain innovations and, in turn, keep its stability and competitive edge in the market.The special case of NASAs Challenger incident is an important specimen to go over how an organization manages its security and safety device practices. The nature of NASA as an organization canful be understood by examining its vision, mission and goals. However, the group focused on a particular incident and its chronology. Risk analysis and fortune solicitude are some of the concepts that relate to this organizations experience in information and knowledge solicitude.Some of the key concerns for this case are identified as (1) Should NASA strike a Eureka-type system? (2) Do you think communities of practice would have helped NASA? and (3) How would NASA have benefited from going through the alignment process? This material attempts to clarify these inquiries and to provide direction by citing numerous studies and concepts in the arena of knowledge trouble. Discussion NASAs case, particularly of Challenger incident, can be examined by using the concept of risk discernment and circumspection.Risk management is defined in NASAs literature as a management process by which the safety risks can be brought to levels or value that are acceptable to the final ap proval authority. (ASEB, p. 79). Processes such as the physical composition of acceptable risk levels, formalization of changes in system design or operational method to succeed such risk levels , system governance and certification and system quality assurance were enumerated as part of risk management. ASEB, p 79). After the Challenger incident, recommendations such as hierarchical tasks were cited The delegation believes that risk management must be the responsibility of line management (i. e. , program manager and, ultimately, the Administrator of NASA).Only this program management, not the safety organizations, can make judicious use of means available to achieve the operational goals while reducing the safety risks to acceptable levels. Safety organizations cannot, however, predict safe operation they can only assure that the safety risks have been properly evaluated, and that the system configuration and operation is being controlled to those risk levels which have been accepted by top management. (4. 1, 4. 3) (ASEB, p. 79) The passage above was one of the lessons learned, the denomination of the elements of and responsibilities for risk appraisal and risk management, as cited in the assessment memorial in 1988.Establishment of responsibility for program direction and integration, the need for decimal judges of relative risk, the need for integrated review and overview in the assessment of risk and in independent evaluation of retention rationales, independence of the certification of evasion hardware and of software validation and verification, and safety margins for flight structures were all cited as lessons learned following the Challenger stroking. Clearly, risk management is an aspect of information management in this particular case.Aside from the initiatives for changes in the areas of risk assessment and management, examining NASA as a learning organization might helpfully exposit the information processes within the organization. Organizational learning in NASA can be traced back to Apollo era when centralization of shuttle management structure was adopted. (Mahler & Casamayou, 2009, p. 164). unless these lessons can be unlearned as what the case of the Challenger diagonal had shown. Prior to the Columbia accident that followed in 2003, unlearning in critical close areas occurred.Mahler & Casamayou (2009) relates this event as follows Similarly, there was initial evidence that NASA had learned to ride schedule pressures. The agency delayed launches to deal with ongoing technical problems and make the decision to rely on the shuttle only when absolutely needed, tho these lessons from the Challenger faded in the 1990s under severe calculate constraints and new schedule pressures created by our participation in the International station Station. (2009, p. 164)This relates how outside forces can affect organizational learning. Public organizational learning, not unlike corporate organizational learning, i s affected by its environment. Risk assessment and management, instead of context in market competence and capital gains in corporations, becomes the context of reliable goals and national stature in public organizations such as NASA. There are particulars of public organizational learning that should be brought to light to better understand the information processes and learning behaviors within NASA.Mahler & Casamayou (2009) enumerated a three-part process of organizational learning. One is problem recognition, an separate is analyzing the results to produce inferences about cause and effect in the hopes of arriving at an understanding how to achieve better results, and the last one is the institution of new knowledge that the organization go forth benefit from. (Mahler & Casamayou, 2009, p. 166). These processes summarizes the processes of public organizational learning on a macro-level.It is alike important to examine the interactions of actors within the organization. During the group presentation, inquiries about how NASA should benefit from a Eureka-type system was mentioned. The concept of communities of practice (CoPs) within NASA, as a cum of Andrew Coxs (2004)non-canonical knowledge was explored. Before the establishment of any knowledge base systems, an eventful experience is treated as a learning source. As with NASAs case, following the Apollo era, detection systems were installed and had been reliable ever since its inception.These three-figure measures of assessing risks and failures runs parallel with the practice of corporate organizations over-reliance on technology, as what the firs-generation knowledge management practice brought us its IT trap. (Huysman & Wulf, 2006). What should also be noted is the fault of NASA into a complex system of actors, decision makers and diagnostic and technological tools. As a system becomes more complex, there could be a high possibility for unexpected and undesirable outcomes. The concept of Charles Perrows (1999) normal accident theory is closely related to this inference.The nature of function and decision-making within NASA exemplifies Perrows concepts of coupling and interactions. Interactions can be tightly united or generally coupled, as with NASAs case it is of course tightly coupled. These tightly coupled interactions found within an organization cannot tolerate delay. Interactions can be running(a) or complex. (Perrow,1999). As with NASAs case, it is undoubtedly complex. As mentioned earlier, the possible over-reliance on diagnostic systems and isolation of decision makers and pressure to launch are accountable for the incident.Judging and perceiving also play a role in learning. Decisions in NASAs case are measure-based and as well as judgement-based which could be said, is more reliant on intuition and non-verbal experience. But in this case, NASAs critical decision actors were not thoroughly immersed in the safety measure practice which in turn shows that organiz ational structure has a role in the incident. As Baumard (1999) related in his work on tacit knowledge in organizations, puzzled organizations are manifest when accidents take place.The imprint of acceptability was, in effect, a social construction developed in the context of an organization in which the perception of risk thresholds had been modified by the routinization of the mastery of a complex technology. If the O-ring problem had been brought to the attention of an untrained public it would quite probably have provoked an animated reaction. In a different social context it would have been found entirely unimaginable to launch space shuttles with joints that risked giving way, whatever the level of this risk.Despite the accuracy, the preciseness to categorize the risk associated with the joints as acceptable seems to be based more on the common meaning of the word acceptable than on any scientific definition. There is no equivalent to the acceptable in other areas of exact s cienceit is a value judgement, not a measure. This suggests that, it verity is unfathomable by measures (Berry, 1983), measures too may be sometime hidden by reality. The road to disaster in the Challenger shuttle case was clearly of social construction.

James Dean as the Iconic Rebel Figure Essay

The Oxford English Dictionary define a freedom fighter as a person who resists authority, control, or convening . These be the characteristics of James deans subterfuge personas in Nicholas slams spring up Without a Cause and dear Kazans easterly of nirvana. In a time where unison was a dominant ideology in society, rise uplion became a way to display your receive individuality. spring up Without a Cause and eastside of heaven both respectively jam with the vexing problem of the a hearty youth who appease stubbornly overdue against the nuclear family.Each respective film touches upon the puzzling subject of the 1950s, which is upstart delinquency. The films as well as provide ammunition for the ideological disaffected behavior for teens to parody. arise Without a Cause and due east of nirvana argon both interested with childlike people estranged from their communities and essay to define themselves differently than the norm . James dean was an seductive turn out figure because he re pictureed the raw-nerved emotions of being an adolescent trance he as well as asserted a romantic, mythic nonion about, which became attractive to audiences young and old.doyens direct sexiness and relentless desire to imbue keep an eye on make come up Without a Cause and East of Eden films that withstand generational changes and remain commonplace in spite of appearance teenage society today. James dean as the archetype for the rebel character personified a decade of defiance, and his secrecy picture of the iconic rebel sparked a cult following that superseded his life. The continued relevancy and renowned status of deans screen persona is prevalent because of its sympathetic treatment of adolescent anguish that each director surd on.The enigmatic nature of the rebel icon made it easy for the conceive audience to grab hold and manifest their individualised principles onto it. doyen was catapulted to a cult figure as he evoked the subme rged wound and spoke for a generation of people who had sense of being suppress and sm new(prenominal)ed by values that were imprisoned by. Furthermore, Dean molded the establishment of the tough-but-t rarityer iconic teen rebel in the 1950s, and became a commodity and the legendary figure of teenage angst.Deans unbridled emotions both on and off screen became essential in both Rebel Without a Cause and East of Eden as they channeled the teenager in only of us . The 1950s were a time when teenagers were struggling with their own individualism and this idea of conformity was oppressive to their individual growth. James Dean epitomized the rebel, as his inability to stick to confined conformity both on and off screen was a major asset during 1950s filmmaking. The rebel character that was present in both films was an attempt to glorify individuality.Deans protagonist characters in each respective film were alienated, endangered and antisocial, which were standard traits of the c ommon rebel. The 1950s became an era where individualism had to be hardened to suit the demanded conformity. The rebel icon as a whole offered recourse in a time where adolescents were trapped in environments created by policy-making and social forces beyond their control, which impeded their ability to make their own choices or realize their aspirations.Filmmakers like spear and Kazan attempted to assert their individuality by creating these seditious characters that went against the accepted norms and fought for what they wanted to achieve. prick was acutely aware that the recognitions of the attractive young rebel would intonate a plumping following, and casting the Hollywood bad-boy, James Dean, created a synergy amidst Deans screen persona, Jim Stark, and his real life counterpart. With his magnificent confusion, pained fragility, and unwavering sexiness, Dean became the template for teenage rebellion.Rebel Without a Cause exemplifies a thinly veil attempt to search fo r authority that catapults into an attempt to search for an identity for oneself. On the other hand, in Kazans films, he exploited Deans screen persona as the rebel anti-hero in American movies, democratizing and linking the rebellious behavior to root in American values . This was also seen in Rebel Without a Cause however, this idea was predominant deep down East of Eden. By Kazan doing this, Dean as a rebel character, but also the film East of Eden became symbolic visions and vehicles of change.The integrity of the family formed the rear conformity in the 1950s and non-conformity based on a non-traditional family was something that had not been fully explored. The non-traditional nuclear family is something that was taboo however, both Ray and Kazan deal with them in their respective films. In Rebel Without a Cause the use of gender- intention relapsing is apparent and within East of Eden, the idea of an absentee mother is present. These non-traditional nuclear families pave t he way for the rebel character that Dean personifies on screen.Dean is use as a sentimentalist with a yearning to refurbish the struggling nuclear family. Since the nuclear family played such an influential role, Hollywood saying it as worth saving and worth reconstructing. During this decade, the nuclear family dominated, so it was burning(prenominal) to reconstruct the failing nuclear family in site to promote the conformity the government and society sorely desired in cases where the nuclear family could not be restored, sickness or injury became the typical Hollywood scapegoat. firearm the nuclear family plays an important role in understanding the rebel character, the family plays a background role within the film itself. The nuclear family within Rebel Without a Cause features gender role reversal where Deans go is a weak pushover and is controlled by his overpowering wife, that in conclusion forces Dean to react in a rebellious manner. These non-traditional gender roles throw off the teenage characters and propagate the rebellious characteristics as a mean for garnering attention.In order to right these wrongs, Jim adopts a surrogate family, whereby Judy is his wife, and Plato becomes the adoptive son. Since in that respect is a lack of a traditional nuclear family, the escape to the abandoned family removes Dean from the compromises of the real world whereby he is able to live with Judy and Plato in an idealized version of family life, which is when he comes to the realization that he no longer needs to equate masculinity with violent rebellion and perpetuates his reintegration into society.Additionally, Elia Kazan was fascinated with James Deans personal struggles, which helped him connect to his rebellious character as Cal in East of Eden. Kazan used Deans personal problems to his advantage, exploiting them and creating a tumultuous nuclear family that mimicked the biblical tale of Cain and Abel. The spang and hate plotline that deals with forbidden love and explosive passions is reticent of the well-known biblical tale. Cal defiant, disobedient, and uncompromising provokes the central conflict within the film, which impersonates his biblical counterpart Cain.Cal himself is stuck between the brooding coast of his mothers sin and the sunlit valley of his engenders righteousness, which adjusts and brings to light the coexistence of good and evil within all of us. Cal and Aron are primary demonstrations of this good versus evil idea, as they are fighting for their fathers affections, which is a paralleled allegory of the biblical tale. However, it is also applicable to the 1950s when the film was created, and can be further fitted to fit modern society, which is why East of Eden is a timeless film.Deans character Cal exhibits a multitude of self-destructive behavior. As a traditional rebellious character, Dean exhibits free result and the potentiality to forgive even though he begrudges his father and brother e nd-to-end the diegetic. Cal is embittered with the idea that his father favors Aron, his perfect twin brother. Further, Cal attempts to win his fathers undying affection by farming beans and selling them for a large profit. If Cal shows his father that he can create a successful occupancy and repay him monies lost, he would be showered with the affection he feels deprived from.Cals plan backfires and instead resorts to killing his brother by destroying his integrity in order to gain his fathers affection and adoration. However, this plan fails and last causes his fathers demise. The theme of reconciliation appears in East of Eden when Dean offers to take care of his invalid father shows his father that his intentions, while misguided, were pure and only used as a guise for his father to notice all his hard work. Deans concern with masculinity and manhood is at the forefront of Rebel Without a Cause.Dean exhibits virtuous and psychological vertigo as he teeters on the brink of ma nhood , and is concerned with masculinity as there has been an apparent lacking means of manhood within his home life. Dean is searching for a sinewy and upright male figure with whom he can identify with, which was a customary histrionics during the 1950s. Instead of being a strong role model, Deans father portrayed as a turncoat subordinate who succumbs to the over-demanding ways of his boisterous wife.For a struggling teen, these ideals prove to be less than appropriate, which launches Dean into rebellion, in hopes of finding the role model he desperately needs and desires. In the absence of a credible heavy(a) guidance, especially from his father, Dean headings his masculinity. Furthermore, Dean equates manhood with honor. This theme of masculinity and honor is present in both Rebel Without a Cause and East of Eden. In Rebel Without a Cause Dean plays the role of the informer, which is an straight characteristic .Informing is construed as the highest act of courage, and di splays a defining moral choice. Having this moral compass helps to shape and define the man that Dean will turn in to, which is a dependable figure as he attempts to salvage Plutos dementia and Judys insecurities. Dean screen persona is concerned with not only preserving his honor, but also with live and thriving in a world that embodies teenage confusion. Ultimately, Deans reconciliation with hegemony makes a rebel honorable, possible by the virtue of its own authority and unimpaired by psychosis, alienation, or a romanticized futility.While Dean is a rebel within East of Eden by dissenting his fathers orders, he has honorable characteristics when traffic with his manhood. Integrity and honor are integral parts to Deans persona as he attempts to save his father and salvage his well being after an paradoxical investment. The rebel character that became a figure of non-conformity, and rugged individualism became not only a culture but also became a political stance as a way to s tray from American hegemony. Ray uses Dean as a dissent of social control, in order to promote the independence that became synonymous with rebellious behavior.There was a squash to conform that was thrust upon the young adolescents, who were already facing a confuse time during their formative years. Dean as a rebel is espoused as the cause of the protestor and stultified the inherently violent social system. The rebel sparked debate and offered a different perspective that would not have been possible with a altogether conformist hegemonic society. In order to stray from a completely hegemonic society, and defy global homogenization, America can turn iconography against itself.This was a message the Ray attempted to portray by having the rebellious characters fight each other even though ultimately they believed in the same things. Psychological and social issues became prevalent and defined the two types of rebels that were present within Rebel Without a Cause. Firstly, there is the rebel that James Dean personified with displays of reconciliation and reintegration into society and secondly, there is a character such as Plato who was a clear representation of hostile rebellion.Dean is able to be readmitted into society as his disaffection was not profound in the first place, and was used as a mechanism of expression and attention in the wake of the absence of a strong father. Additionally, Deans rebelliousness was sentimentalized, which furthered his reintegration. On the other hand, irreconcilable rebellion is equated to insanity, which cannot be accommodated in society, thusly forcing Platos death and the end of the film. While psychological issues can be discusses and presented within a film, insanity is not accepted during the 1950s, so to respond to this, it is imperative for Plato to die.With the death of Plato and the re-integration of Deans character, there is a theme of rehabilitation. Moreover, once the abyss of personal isolation is link up d, rebelliousness ceases and those who cannot experience rehabilitations have no place within the film diegetic. This was seen with Plato who was shot down, and Buzz who died during the chicken run he challenged Dean to. Kazans representation of the rebellious character in East of Eden was seen as a function of a lack of love and significant contact, which is why Cals forbidden relationship with Abra became central within the narrative.Deans screen persona is searching for the authentic self and his virile identity, which leads him to his mother as well as his reliance on Abra. Further, Abra is the atom smasher for the reconciliations between Cal and his father as she promotes the loving relationship the Cal lacks with his father. East of Eden deals with moral values in a generation where teenagers begin to question their fathers generation. Abra became a representation of purity and simplicity that helped bridge the tumultuous relationship between father and son during the perio d of brilliant personal moral dilemma for the teenage rebel.All in all, the young rebel character that is firmly ingrained in our cultural resourcefulness carries its traces to the Hollywood screen rebels of the fifties, none more than James Dean . twain Rebel Without a Cause and East of Eden are dealing with the protagonists movement into moral orientation and their journey into self-identification, and present themselves as remedial, therapeutic, and redemptive, which explain symptoms with implied cures.Over the decades the rebel has been a particularly forked icon, where the meanings often contradict one another however, the use of James Dean as an iconoclastic rebel defined term and created the archetypal rebel character. During the 1950s, every aspect of emerging teen culture was viewed as hard and incomprehensible however, the rebel character was used for teens to expand their personal boundaries during a time when the cultural landscape was largely undefined.